ScienceDaily: Top Health News

http://www.sciencedaily.com/news/top_news/top_health/ Top health stories, featured on ScienceDaily's home page.en-usTue, 20 Nov 2012 15:20:39 ESTTue, 20 Nov 2012 15:20:39 EST60http://www.sciencedaily.com/images/logosmall.gifhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/news/top_news/top_health/ For more science articles, visit ScienceDaily.http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121120132906.htm Rather than target RNA viruses directly, aiming at the host cells they invade could hold promise, but any such strategy would have to be harmless to the host. Now, a surprising discovery made in ribosomes may point the way to fighting fatal viral infections such as rabies.Tue, 20 Nov 2012 13:29:29 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121120132906.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121120132859.htm A developmental pattern of impulsiveness in young males is linked with gambling problems in late adolescence. Respondents considered to be in the high impulsivity track as early as first grade doubled the odds of meeting criteria for at-risk/problem gambling, and tripled the odds of meeting criteria for problem gambling. The study is the first to link a developmental pattern of impulsivity and late-adolescent gambling.Tue, 20 Nov 2012 13:28:28 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121120132859.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121120122043.htm Scientists have uncovered a new role for the protein toll-like receptor four in the development of tissue fibrosis, or scarring. This finding has implications for the treatment of scleroderma.Tue, 20 Nov 2012 12:20:20 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121120122043.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121120122010.htm Internet communication is exploding -- and so is the possibility of a related psychopathology called Internet addiction. Now a researcher says that a review of several case studies from his own practice shows a direct connection between psychotic episodes and participation in certain online social networking sites.Tue, 20 Nov 2012 12:20:20 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121120122010.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121120122002.htm New insights into what causes uncontrollable bleeding in hemophilia patients have been provided. By revealing that blood clots spread in traveling waves through vessels, the study offers new strategies that could lead to the development of more effective treatments for hemophilia as well as common cardiovascular disorders.Tue, 20 Nov 2012 12:20:20 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121120122002.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121120121835.htm Microbiologists studying bacterial colonization in mice have discovered how the very rapid and efficient spread of antibiotic resistance works in the respiratory pathogen, Streptococcus pneumoniae (also known as the pneumococcus). The team found that resistance stems from the transfer of DNA between bacterial strains in biofilms in the nasopharynx, the area just behind the nose.Tue, 20 Nov 2012 12:18:18 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121120121835.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121120100432.htm Researchers have discovered one of the body's most powerful secret weapons in healing: sweat glands.Tue, 20 Nov 2012 10:04:04 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121120100432.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121120100430.htm The discovery of the molecular pathway that drives the changes seen in the brains of Alzheimer's patients is reported today, revealing new targets for drug discovery that could be exploited to combat the disease. The study gives the most detailed understanding yet of the complex processes leading to Alzheimer's.Tue, 20 Nov 2012 10:04:04 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121120100430.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121120100423.htm Medical researchers have developed a nanoparticle that could improve the effectiveness of chemotherapy for neuroblastoma by a factor of five.Tue, 20 Nov 2012 10:04:04 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121120100423.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121120100155.htm Scientists have discovered another molecule that plays an important role in regulating myelin formation in the central nervous system. Myelin promotes the conduction of nerve cell impulses by forming a sheath around their projections, the so-called axons, at specific locations -- acting like the plastic insulation around a power cord.Tue, 20 Nov 2012 10:01:01 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121120100155.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121119213144.htm Researchers have found that biological age and life expectancy can be predicted by measuring an individual's DNA. They studied the length of chromosome caps -- known as telomeres -- in a 320-strong wild population of Seychelles Warblers on a small isolated island.Mon, 19 Nov 2012 21:31:31 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121119213144.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121119171403.htm Certain mutated cells keep trying to replicate their DNA -- with disastrous results -- even after medications rob them of the raw materials to do so, according to new research.Mon, 19 Nov 2012 17:14:14 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121119171403.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121119171357.htm More than 85,000 medications are discontinued each year by physicians, yet while physicians share this information with their patients, it is too often not shared with the pharmacists. This communication gap allows discontinued medications continue to be dispensed at pharmacies, representing an important patient safety concern.Mon, 19 Nov 2012 17:13:13 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121119171357.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121119163703.htm Researchers have found that children born to mothers who smoked more than one pack per day during pregnancy struggled on tests designed to measure how accurately a child reads aloud and comprehends what they read.Mon, 19 Nov 2012 16:37:37 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121119163703.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121119163659.htm Scientists have pinpointed a key factor controlling damage to brain cells in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease. The discovery could lead to new targets for Parkinson's that may be useful in preventing the actual condition.Mon, 19 Nov 2012 16:36:36 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121119163659.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121119163506.htm Researchers have shown that a real-time tracking technique can better predict and track tumor motion and deliver higher levels of radiation to lung cancer patients and others with moving tumor targets, and also successfully be implemented into existing clinical equipment.Mon, 19 Nov 2012 16:35:35 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121119163506.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121119163502.htm Scientists have discovered a new cause of neonatal hydrocephalus. The team discovered that cell-signaling defects disrupt immature brain cells involved in normal brain development. Treatment with lithium bypasses the defect in mice and reduces the hydrocephalus.Mon, 19 Nov 2012 16:35:35 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121119163502.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121119163349.htm Chronic pain in parents appears to be associated with chronic nonspecific pain and chronic multisite pain in adolescents and young adults.Mon, 19 Nov 2012 16:33:33 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121119163349.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121119163337.htm One of the first studies to compare patients who see their doctors in person to those who receive care through the Internet, known as an e-visit, underscores both the promise and the pitfalls of this technology. Researchers found that patients who used e-visits for sinusitis and urinary tract infections (UTIs) were no more likely to need follow-up care than those who saw doctors in person.Mon, 19 Nov 2012 16:33:33 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121119163337.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121119163331.htm Pregnant women who have higher levels of vitamin D in their blood may have a lower risk of developing multiple sclerosis than women with lower levels, while their babies may not see the same protective effect, according to a new study.Mon, 19 Nov 2012 16:33:33 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121119163331.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121119163301.htm DNA sequences obtained from a handful of patients with multiple sclerosis have revealed the existence of an ?immune exchange? that allows the disease-causing cells to move in and out of the brain.Mon, 19 Nov 2012 16:33:33 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121119163301.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121119151316.htm The first in-depth investigation of whether youthful happiness leads to greater wealth in later life reveals that, even allowing for other influences, happy adolescents are likely to earn more money as adults.Mon, 19 Nov 2012 15:13:13 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121119151316.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121119151314.htm New and powerful cells first created in the laboratory a year ago constitute a new stem-like state of adult epithelial cells with attributes that may make regenerative medicine truly possible. Researchers report that these new stem-like cells do not express the same genes as embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) do. That explains why they don't produce tumors when they grow in the laboratory, as the other stem cells do, and why they are stable, producing the kind of cells researchers want them to.Mon, 19 Nov 2012 15:13:13 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121119151314.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121119151308.htm Pluripotent stem cells are nature's double-edged sword. Because they can develop into a dizzying variety of cell types and tissues, they are a potentially invaluable therapeutic resource. However, that same developmental flexibility can lead to dangerous tumors called teratomas if the stem cells begin to differentiate out of control in the body.Mon, 19 Nov 2012 15:13:13 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121119151308.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121119151220.htm Hsp104, an enzyme from yeast, breaks up both amyloid fibrils and disordered clumps. For stable amyloid-type structures, Hsp104 needs all six of its subunits, which together make a hexamer, to pull the clumps apart. By contrast, for amorphous, non-amyloid clumps, Hsp104 required only one of its six subunits.Mon, 19 Nov 2012 15:12:12 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121119151220.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121119151218.htm Researchers report the successful use of a form of MRI to identify what appears to be a key biochemical marker for cognitive impairment in the brains of people with multiple sclerosis (MS). In follow-up experiments on mice with a rodent form of MS, researchers were able to use an experimental compound to manipulate that same marker and dramatically improve learning and memory.Mon, 19 Nov 2012 15:12:12 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121119151218.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121119140625.htm New research on posttraumatic stress disorder in soldiers challenges popular assumptions about the origins and trajectory of PTSD, providing evidence that traumatic experiences in childhood - not combat - may predict which soldiers develop the disorder.Mon, 19 Nov 2012 14:06:06 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121119140625.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121119132305.htm Researchers have developed what they call a one-size-fits-all polymer system that can be fabricated and then specialized to perform healing functions ranging from fighting infection to wound healing.Mon, 19 Nov 2012 13:23:23 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121119132305.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121119114300.htm Researchers have identified a genetic factor that prevents blockages from forming in blood vessels, a discovery that could lead to new therapies for cardiovascular diseases. Researchers found that a shortage of the genetic factor KLF4, which regulates endothelial cells lining the interior of blood vessels, makes the lining more prone to the buildup of plaque and fat deposits. Further, the deficiency made the blood vessel more susceptible to clot formation.Mon, 19 Nov 2012 11:43:43 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121119114300.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121119114249.htm A new tool for neuroscientists delivers a thousand pinpricks of light to individual neurons in the brain. The new 3-D "light switch", created by biologists and engineers, could one day be used as a neural prosthesis that could treat conditions such as Parkinson's and epilepsy by using gene therapy to turn individual brain cells on and off with light.Mon, 19 Nov 2012 11:42:42 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121119114249.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121119094512.htm Is there a link between the risk of breast cancer and the working environment? A new study provides further evidence on this previously neglected research topic, confirming that certain occupations do pose a higher risk of breast cancer than others, particularly those that expose the worker to potential carcinogens and endocrine disrupters.Mon, 19 Nov 2012 09:45:45 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121119094512.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121119094510.htm Can breast cancer cells? reaction to cancer drugs be predicted? The answer is yes. Researchers have developed a solution for predicting responses of breast cancer cells to a set of cancer drugs. The prediction is based on the genomic profiles of the cancer cells. Harnessing genomic profiles of cells in choosing the best treatment is considered the holy grail of personalized medicine.Mon, 19 Nov 2012 09:45:45 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121119094510.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121119093654.htm Addiction to pain medication is creating new challenges for physicians. Would you believe -- hydrocodone was the most prescribed drug in America in 2011?Mon, 19 Nov 2012 09:36:36 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121119093654.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121118141528.htm Bioengineers have isolated the neurons that carry split-second decisions to act from the higher brain to the brain stem. In doing so, they have provided insight into the causes of severe brain disorders such as depression.Sun, 18 Nov 2012 14:15:15 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121118141528.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121118141524.htm The prevailing wisdom has been that every cell in the body contains identical DNA. However, a new study of stem cells derived from the skin has found that genetic variations are widespread in the body's tissues, a finding with profound implications for genetic screening.Sun, 18 Nov 2012 14:15:15 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121118141524.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121118141520.htm Researchers have designed the fastest, most accurate algorithm yet for brain-implantable prosthetic systems that can help disabled people maneuver computer cursors with their thoughts. The algorithm's speed, accuracy and natural movement approach those of a real arm, and the system avoids the long-term performance degradations of earlier technologies.Sun, 18 Nov 2012 14:15:15 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121118141520.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121118141516.htm In a breakthrough for nanotechnology and multiple sclerosis (MS), a biodegradable nanoparticle delivers an antigen that tricks the immune system and halts MS in mice. The approach, the first that doesn't suppress the immune system, is being tested in a clinical trial for MS patients, but with white blood cells delivering the antigen. The nanoparticle is an easier, cheaper option and can be used in other immune-related diseases including Type 1 diabetes, food and airway allergies.Sun, 18 Nov 2012 14:15:15 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121118141516.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121118141432.htm Geneticists, pediatricians, surgeons and epidemiologists have identified two areas of the human genome associated with the most common form of non-syndromic craniosynostosis premature closure of the bony plates of the skull.Sun, 18 Nov 2012 14:14:14 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121118141432.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121118141408.htm An eating disorders research team has developed a successful bulimia nervosa therapy that can provide patients an alternative for treating this debilitating disorder.Sun, 18 Nov 2012 14:14:14 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121118141408.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121118141406.htm A virtual reality test might do a better job than pencil-and-paper tests of predicting whether a cognitive impairment will have real-world consequences. The test uses a computer-game-like virtual world and asks volunteers to navigate their ways through tasks such as delivering packages or running errands around town.Sun, 18 Nov 2012 14:14:14 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121118141406.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121117184658.htm A new discovery concerning a fundamental understanding about how DNA works will produce a "180-degree change in focus" for researchers who study how gene packaging regulates gene activity, including genes that cause cancer and other diseases.Sat, 17 Nov 2012 18:46:46 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121117184658.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121117184654.htm Psychological factors can have as much -- or more -- impact on pediatric chest pain as physical ones, a new study found recently. Psychologists discovered pediatric patients diagnosed with non-cardiac chest pain have higher levels of anxiety and depression than patients diagnosed with innocent heart murmurs -- the noise of normal turbulent blood flow in a structurally normal heart.Sat, 17 Nov 2012 18:46:46 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121117184654.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121117184551.htm Scientific studies have suggested that a wandering mind indicates unhappiness, whereas a mind that is present in the moment indicates well-being.?Now, a preliminary study suggests a possible link between mind wandering and aging, by looking at a biological measure of longevity.Sat, 17 Nov 2012 18:45:45 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121117184551.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121117184543.htm Researchers analyzed the cerebral blood flow (CBF) of Brazilian mediums during the practice of psychography, described as a form of writing whereby a deceased person or spirit is believed to write through the medium?s hand. The new research revealed intriguing findings of decreased brain activity during mediumistic dissociative state which generated complex written contentSat, 17 Nov 2012 18:45:45 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121117184543.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116161059.htm Adverse side effects of certain hepatitis C medications can now be replicated in the lab, thanks to a research team. The new method aids understanding of recent failures of hepatitis C antiviral drugs in some patients, and could help to identify medications that eliminate adverse effects. The findings may aid the development of safer and more effective treatments for hepatitis C and other pathogens such as SARS and West Nile virus.Fri, 16 Nov 2012 16:10:10 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116161059.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116161057.htm Contrary to popular thought, regular exercise before and during pregnancy could have beneficial effects for women that develop high blood pressure during gestation, a human physiology professor said.Fri, 16 Nov 2012 16:10:10 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116161057.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116161021.htm Living in areas of high air pollution can lead to decreased cognitive function in older adults, according to new research.Fri, 16 Nov 2012 16:10:10 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116161021.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116124644.htm Researchers have found that a protein, known for causing cancer cells to spread around the body, is also one of the molecules that trigger repair processes in the brain.Fri, 16 Nov 2012 12:46:46 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116124644.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116124559.htm Psychological scientists are exploring the mechanisms that underlie memory to understand why we remember certain things and why we forget others.Fri, 16 Nov 2012 12:45:45 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116124559.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116124555.htm Playing soccer or running for at least three hours a week could help teenagers counteract the potential damage to their bone health caused by prolonged spells of sitting.Fri, 16 Nov 2012 12:45:45 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116124555.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116124551.htm New research shows that a gene is responsible for a person's tendency to be an early riser or night owl -- and helps determine the time of day a person is most likely to die.Fri, 16 Nov 2012 12:45:45 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116124551.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116091226.htm Insights from a genetic condition that causes brain cancer are helping scientists better understand the most common type of brain tumor in children.Fri, 16 Nov 2012 09:12:12 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116091226.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116085629.htm Maternal vitamin C deficiency during pregnancy can have serious consequences for the fetal brain. And once brain damage has occurred, it cannot be reversed by vitamin C supplements after birth.Fri, 16 Nov 2012 08:56:56 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116085629.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116085546.htm Immobile patients are in constant danger of developing pressure ulcers on the skin. Medical researchers have worked together to develop a special sheet that is gentle on the skin and helps to make patients more comfortable.Fri, 16 Nov 2012 08:55:55 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116085546.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116085330.htm Scientists have discovered a new mode of action for enzymes immersed in cellular membranes. Their experiments suggest that instead of recognizing and clipping proteins based on sequences of amino acids, these proteases' location within membranes gives them the unique ability to recognize and cut proteins with unstable structures.Fri, 16 Nov 2012 08:53:53 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116085330.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116085208.htm A novel brain mechanism mediating the inhibition of the critical breathing muscles during rapid eye movement (REM) sleep has been identified for the first time in a new study.Fri, 16 Nov 2012 08:52:52 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116085208.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116085155.htm As the nearly 8 million U.S. high school students who participate in sports every year suit up this season, scientists are encouraging them to focus on something more valuable than winning ? their health. New research shows fracture and ACL prevention programs are essential in ensuring injuries don?t sideline players.Fri, 16 Nov 2012 08:51:51 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116085155.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121115210617.htm Experts have set a target of lowering preterm birth rates by an average of 5 percent across 39 high-resource countries, including the United States, by 2015 to prevent prematurity for 58,000 babies a year.Thu, 15 Nov 2012 21:06:06 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121115210617.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121115210541.htm Researchers have pieced together new genetic clues to the arthritis puzzle in a study that brings potential treatments closer to reality and could also provide insights into why more women than men succumb to the disabling condition.Thu, 15 Nov 2012 21:05:05 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121115210541.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121115210457.htm Portions of Albert Einstein's brain have been found to be unlike those of most people and could be related to his extraordinary cognitive abilities, according to a new study.Thu, 15 Nov 2012 21:04:04 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121115210457.htm

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